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UNAN was established in 1812 in the city of Len and its main campus is located in Managua. ), municipal: 286 million cubic meters (2017 est. )carbon dioxide emissions: 5.59 megatons (2016 est. Under the rule of Anastasio Somoza Garca and his family (19361979), the city was rebuilt and began to grow rapidly. . [17] Managua is also Nicaragua's main political, social, cultural, educational and economic hub. This article was most recently revised and updated by, Managua - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Managua - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), Managua, Nicaragua: Plaza de la Revolucin, monument to Rubn Daro, Managua, Nicaragua. Baseball is by far Nicaragua's most popular sport, followed by soccer and boxing. Only five lesser-known presidential candidates of mostly small parties allied to ORTEGA's Sandinistas were allowed to run against ORTEGA in the November 2021 election. Population 6,203,441 Population Growth Rate 1.05% Urban Population 57.5% Population in Major Urban Areas MANAGUA (capital) 970,000 The airport is located near the northern highway and is about 11 kilometers (6.8mi) east of the city's downtown. World Book Advanced. )from petroleum and other liquids: 4.851 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. These population estimates and projections come from the latest revision of the UN World Urbanization Prospects. The importance of sugarcane, rice, sorghum, cattle, and horses is decreasing. [citation needed] Restoration of the old cathedral has appeared to be possible. By government decree in 1983 the campus of the National Autonomous University of Nicaragua in Len and Managua, became two separate entities; UNAN and UNAN-Len.[25]. ), total: 27.3 yearsmale: 26.4 yearsfemale: 28.2 years (2020 est. Managua has grown by 17,811 in the last year, which represents a 1.4% annual change. Some of the larger television channels include: Canal 2, Telenica, Canal 10, Canal 15 (100% Noticias), and several others. Managua, due to its tropical climate, varied topography, rich fertile soils, and abundant rain and water sources, boasts a great variety of flora. )transmission/distribution losses: 1.89 billion kWh (2019 est. 2021 class City Department 2021 Population ; 1 Managua: Managua Department: 1,047,286 2 Len: Len Department: 175,026 3 Tipitapa: Managua Department: 144,187 4 Masaya: Masaya Department: 136,584 5 Ciudad Sandino: Managua Department: Since a population census has not currently been carried out, the estimate provided by the National Institute for Development Information INIDE is used, which estimates that by 2021 the population of the capital is 1,350,000 which corresponds to approximately 1.3 million people. )exports: 0 cubic meters (2021 est. )$496.7 million (2020 est. The library has 67,000 books, free internet, a newspaper archive, and economic information from the Central Bank. Managua's prime location between the Northern Pan-American highway and the Southern Highway make it an ideal hub for local, national and international buses. The city's chief products include beer, coffee, pharmaceuticals, textiles, shoes, matches, construction products, etc. [12] Managua had become Central America's most developed city. The population in Managua, to 2021, is: 1.3 million people Managua population. me Its choice as a permanent capital in 1857 came after partisans of those two rival cities had exhausted themselves in internecine conflict. (Spanish)The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. We have provided a few examples below that you can copy and paste to your site: Your image export is now complete. Also on the crater lip of Tiscapa is the Mazmorras, a prison where current President Daniel Ortega and many other political prisoners were tortured during the Somoza regime. Compared to western prices, alcoholic beverages, theater visits and cinema tickets are relatively inexpensive. )services: 60% (2017 est. The pageant is traditionally held at the Rubn Daro National Theatre and has been held since 1955.[39]. )percent of population: 45% (2020 est. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. ), fresh water lake(s): Lago de Nicaragua - 8,150 sq km; Lago de Managua - 1,040 sq km, the overwhelming majority of the population resides in the western half of the country, with much of the urban growth centered in the capital city of Managua; coastal areas also show large population clusters, destructive earthquakes; volcanoes; landslides; extremely susceptible to hurricanes, volcanism: significant volcanic activity; Cerro Negro (728 m), which last erupted in 1999, is one of Nicaragua's most active volcanoes; its lava flows and ash have been known to cause significant damage to farmland and buildings; other historically active volcanoes include Concepcion, Cosiguina, Las Pilas, Masaya, Momotombo, San Cristobal, and Telica, largest country in Central America; contains the largest freshwater body in Central America, Lago de Nicaragua, Mestizo (mixed Amerindian and White) 69%, White 17%, Black 9%, Amerindian 5%. Northwest of Managua, in the city of Len, lived the poet Alfonso Corts (1893-1969), who had been declared "mad" at the age of 34 and chained in his bedroom. note: data are in current year dollars$5.342 billion (2020 est.) The project costs $100 million and has been considered as a possibility for the nation's capital. Salgado, J. There are two possible origins for the name "Managua". Buses are the most economical way to get around the city and thus contributes to high numbers of ridership. Across from the Central Park, on the north side, is the Rubn Daro park and monument, dedicated to Nicaragua's greatest poet and one of the most influential literary figures of the Spanish-speaking world. [52] The monument was proposed by Ernesto Cardenal and is protected by the Nicaraguan military. However, with support of the FIFA, the first national soccer stadium in Managua is under construction.[46]. ), production: 0 cubic meters (2021 est. It recently inaugurated its over US$52 million extension and renovation partly financed by Spain. World Book, 2009. )33.122 (2019 est. Some of these include a centrally located Art Deco gazebo crowned with a white-washed naked muse, which happens to have superb acoustics. Euraque, Dario A. For more than 50years, the National Palace housed the Congress. Tiscapa Lagoon, located within the Tiscapa Lagoon Natural Reserve is just south of Managua's Historical Center. Managua is the national education center, with most of the nation's prestigious universities and higher education institutions based there. Nicaragua became an independent nation in 1838. Thousands of people attend this event which involves dancing, eating, drinking and the marching of musical bands, mainly for traditions that date back to pre-colonial times, or to ask for personal miracles, make promises, or give thanks to the saint. There is also the bust of Professor Josefa Toledo de Aguerri, who was an educator, philanthropist, writer, social activist, and one of the first feminists in the Americas. Also, the tomb of Carlos Fonseca, founder of the FSLN, which is guarded by an eternal flame. ", INAUGURACION TERMINAL AEREA AEROPUERTO INTERNACIONAL MANAGUA, REMODELACIN Y AMPLIACIN DEL AEROPUERTO INTERNACIONAL DE MANAGUA, II, III Y IV ETAPA, "Hermandad o convenios con otras ciudades", "Declaracin de Hermanamiento mltiple y solidario de todas las Capitales de Iberoamrica (12-10-82)", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Managua&oldid=1140847073, Source 2: Meteo Climat (record highs and lows), This page was last edited on 22 February 2023, at 02:02. The National Palace is one of Managua's oldest buildings, undamaged by the 1972 earthquake. )subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 3 (2020 est. [53], The Catedral de Santiago (St. James' Cathedral), also known as the Old Cathedral of Managua was designed by Belgian architects, and the iron that was used to shape the core of the cathedral was shipped from Belgium. Other popular areas are "Zona Hippos" behind the Hilton hotel near Metrocentro and "Zona Rosa". [49], Within the Revolution Square is the Parque Central (Central Park) which contains many historical monuments, some dedicated to national heroes and poets. The museum is located in west Managua in the Acahualinca neighborhood. )$754.1 million (2019 est. Temperatures are highest in March, April and May when the sun lies directly overhead and the summer rainfall has yet to begin. Aquellos nos Adjetivos demostrativos: This, these, that, and those. One out of every ten buses now grants access to wheelchair passengers, granting disabled passengers for the first time the ability to utilize public transportation resources.[68]. Flugh.) The Pan-American Highway and an international airport tie it to other Central and North American cities. Surviving fire squadrons and ambulance companies were not able to handle the skyrocketing demand for their services. Fitch rating: B- (2018)Moody's rating: B3 (2020)Standard & Poors rating: B- (2018)note: The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained. The airport used to serve as the hub for the Nicaragenses de Aviacin airline, which was bought by TACA Airlines the El Salvador national airline, that bought all of the airlines in Central America. )0.6% of GDP (2019) (approximately $170 million)0.6% of GDP (2018) (approximately $180 million)0.6% of GDP (2017) (approximately $190 million), approximately 12,000 active personnel (10,000 Army; 800 Navy; 1,200 Air Force) (2022), the Nicaraguan military's inventory includes mostly secondhand Russian/Soviet-era equipment; in recent years, Russia has been the leading arms supplier to Nicaragua (2022), 18-30 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription; tour of duty 18-36 months; requires Nicaraguan nationality and 6th-grade education (2022), the modern Army of Nicaragua was created in 1979 as the Sandinista Popular Army (1979-1984); prior to 1979, the military was known as the National Guard, which was organized and trained by the US in the 1920s and 1930s; the first commander of the National Guard, Anastasio SOMOZA GARCIA, seized power in 1937 and ran the country as a military dictator until his assassination in 1956; his sons ran the country either directly or through figureheads until the Sandinistas came to power in 1979; the defeated National Guard was disbanded by the Sandinistas (2022), Nicaragua-El Salvador-Honduras: the 1992 ICJ ruling for El Salvador and Honduras advised a tripartite resolution to establish a maritime boundary in the Gulf of Fonseca, which considers Honduran access to the Pacific; the court ruled, rather, that the Gulf ofFonsecarepresents a condominium, with control being shared by El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua; the decision allowed for the possibility that the three nations could divide the waters at a later date if they wished to do so, Nicaragua-Costa Rica: Nicaragua and Costa Rica regularly file border dispute cases with the ICJ over the delimitations of the San Juan River and the northern tip of Calero Island, virtually uninhabited areas claimed by both countries; there is an ongoing case in the ICJ to determine Pacific and Atlantic ocean maritime borders as well as land borders; in 2009, the ICJ ruled that Costa Rican vessels carrying out police activities could not use the river, but official Costa Rican vessels providing essential services to riverside inhabitants and Costa Rican tourists could travel freely on the river; in 2011, the ICJ provisionally ruled that both countries must remove personnel from the disputed area; in 2013, the ICJ rejected Nicaragua's 2012 suit to halt Costa Rica's construction of a highway paralleling the river on the grounds of irreparable environmental damage; in 2013, the ICJ, regarding the disputed territory, ordered that Nicaragua should refrain from dredging or canal construction and refill and repair damage caused by trenches connecting the river to the Caribbean and upheld its 2010 ruling that Nicaragua must remove all personnel; in early 2014, Costa Rica brought Nicaragua to the ICJ over offshore oil concessions in the disputed region; in 2018, the ICJ ruled that Nicaragua must remove a military base from a contested coastal area near the San Juan River, and that Costa Rica had sovereignty over the northern part of Isla Portillos, including the coast, but excluding Harbour Head Lagoon; additionally, Honduras was required to pay reparations for environmental damage to part of the wetlands at the mouth of the San Juan River, Nicaragua-Colombia: Nicaragua filed a case with the International Court of Justice (ICJ) against Colombia in 2013 over the delimitation of the Continental shelf beyond the 200 nautical miles from the Nicaraguan coast, as well as over the alleged violation by Colombia of Nicaraguan maritime space in the Caribbean Sea, which contains rich oil and fish resources; as of September 2021, Colombia refuses to abide by the ICJ ruling, tier rating: Tier 3 Nicaragua does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so and was downgraded to Tier 3; the government identified slightly more victims than in the previous reporting period and prosecuted a trafficker; however, no traffickers were convicted and victim identification remained inadequate; authorities did not investigate, prosecute, or convict government employees complicit in trafficking; the government provided no victim services; prosecution, protection, and prevention efforts in the two Caribbean autonomous regions of Nicaragua continued to be much weaker than in the rest of the country (2020)trafficking profile: human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims in Nicaragua and Nicaraguans abroad; women, children, and migrants are most at risk; women and children are subject to sex trafficking within the country and its two Caribbean autonomous regions, as well as in other Central American countries, Mexico, Spain, and the United States; traffickers used social media to recruit victims with promises of high-paying jobs in restaurants, hotels, construction, and security outside of Nicaragua where they are subjected to sex or labor trafficking; traffickers exploit children through forced participation in illegal drug production and trafficking; children and persons with disabilities are subjected to forced begging; Nicaragua is also a destination for child sex tourists from the United States, Canada, and Western Europe, a transit route for drug traffickers smuggling cocaine from South America through Mexico into the United States via maritime and air routes, total population growth rate v. urban population growth rate, 2000-2030, Children under the age of 5 years underweight, International law organization participation, Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income, Household income or consumption by percentage share, Civil aircraft registration country code prefix, Military and security service personnel strengths, Military equipment inventories and acquisitions, Center for the Study of Intelligence (CSI). In addition to the footprints, the museum also displays artifacts found in other localities around the country. ms de, Select the correct answer. All of these highways are in good condition, with little traffic congestion. As stated before Managua only has two seasons, the dry and the rainy. )biomass and waste: 17.2% of total installed capacity (2020 est. ), total subscriptions: 5,976,479 (2020 est. Much of Managua was rebuilt after 1931, when it was ravaged by earthquake and fire. )nuclear: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. ), 4.851 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. Managua's 2023 population is now estimated at 1,291,800. After winning the presidential election in 1990, the National Opposition Union began the reconstruction of Managua began in earnest. )$5,300 (2019 est. [56], Neither Nicaragua nor the city of Managua have major gang problems, in comparison to some of its regional neighbors. In 2007, after a successful literacy campaign, Managua was declared by the Mayor of Managua and the Sandinista party newspaper to be the first capital city in Central America to be rid of illiteracy. It competes extensively with its counterpart, TicaBus, a Costa Rican bus company. te )proven reserves: 0 metric tons (2019 est. The Polytechnic University of Nicaragua (UPOLI) (Spanish: Universidad Politcnica de Nicaragua) is a university located in Managua, Nicaragua. Not able to rebuild quickly, the city directed emergency workers to clear away much of the city's ruins quickly while burying the deceased in mass graves. Leading up to the lagoon is Calle del Comercio (Commerce Street), which leads to the Monumento al Liberalismo (Monument to Liberalism), built in the late 1930s by the Liberal party in honor of President Anastasio Somoza Garca. Nicaragua, located in Central America, may have been inhabited from as long ago as 8,000 years.Evidence of one of the Americas' earliest human . We have provided a few examples below that you can copy and paste to your site: Your data export is now complete. Located on the shores of Lake Managua, the city had an estimated population of 1,055,247 as of 2020, [4] and a population of 1,401,687 [4] in its metropolitan area. Estos Today, the city is a major economic hub for both the country and Central America. The lakeshore is at an altitude of 55 meters (180 feet) above sea level, and the city climbs as it gets towards the Sierras de Managua further south where it is over 700 meters (2,297 feet) above sea level. At the same time, the city is served by the Augusto C. Sandino International Airport, the country's primary international gateway, and regional Los Brasiles airport and Punta Huete military air base, recently renewed. Also pending is a mega-project to reconstruct the old center of Managua, and to introduce a light rail system, to alleviate future transportation problems in Managua. Under Kppen's climate classification, the city has a tropical wet and dry climate (Aw). [50], The Dennis Martnez National Stadium was built in 1948 and was the largest stadium in Central America at the end of its construction. In 197879 it was the scene of general strikes against the government of Anastasio Somoza Debayle and of heavy fighting, particularly in the slum areas held by Sandinista rebels. )major-language sample(s): La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de informacin bsica. ), number of registered air carriers: 1 (2020)inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 7, total: 122,438 to 3,047 m: 31,524 to 2,437 m: 2914 to 1,523 m: 3under 914 m: 4 (2021), total: 1351,524 to 2,437 m: 1914 to 1,523 m: 15under 914 m: 119 (2021), total: 23,897 km (2014)paved: 3,346 km (2014)unpaved: 20,551 km (2014), 2,220 km (2011) (navigable waterways as well as the use of the large Lake Managua and Lake Nicaragua; rivers serve only the sparsely populated eastern part of the country), total: 5by type: general cargo 1, oil tanker 1, other 3 (2021), Army of Nicaragua (Ejercito de Nicaragua, EN): Land Forces (Fuerza Terrestre); Naval Forces (Fuerza Naval); Air Forces (Fuerza Area); Special Operations Command (Comando de Operaciones Especiales); Nicaraguan National Police (2022)note: both the military and the police report directly to the president, 0.6% of GDP (2021 est. The city's development caught the attention of Irving Fields and Albert Gamse, who composed a musical piece about the city that became popular in the 1940s through the performances of Freddy Martin, Guy Lombardo and Kay Kyser. [50], Managua is also home to Museo Sitio Huellas de Acahualinca (the Museum of Acahualinca), where the Ancient footprints of Acahualinca, fossilized Paleo American footprints made 2,100 years ago, are engraved in volcanic ash. With an average price for the route of $868 and an overall rating of 7.9, Avianca is the most popular choice. )-3.78% (2019 est. Lake Managua contains the same fish species as larger Lake Cocibolca in southeastern Nicaragua, except for the freshwater sharks found exclusively in the latter. Nicaragua is thus the 17th biggest country in the Americas and in terms of area ranked 98th worldwide. There is no precipitation between November and April. All of Nicaragua's main roads lead to Managua, and there are good public transportation connections to and from the capital. [38] The city is also home to many communities of immigrants and ex-pats from countries including but not limited to Taiwan, China, Germany, the United States, Palestine, and Latin American countries. )note: official data; data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by Government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as retirement, medical care, and unemployment, debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions; Nicaragua rebased its GDP figures in 2012, which reduced the figures for debt as a percentage of GDP, -$316.6 million (2021 est. )imports: 0 cubic meters (2021 est. )from consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est.