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That is, instead of seeing a "chair," for example, these people see "a wooden object with four legs." Yet Joe persists in his belief that people from "up north" are snobby. A. low self-esteem B. we are more vulnerable to depression D. other-centered, Jill just began a new relationship with Pete. the illusory correlation. C. self-centered Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like After reading a story in the local newspaper about a recent robbery in the downtown area, Kerry remarks, "I'm not surprised he was robbed. she makes an internal attribution for the $2000 earning, but an external attribution for the $3000 loss. You begin to feel that you should give up, as whatever you do does not seem to help your exam scores. In Bargh, Chen, and Burrows (1996), participants who were in the rude priming condition were more likely to. A. hoped-for self Correct Answer: Access For Free. B. low self-esteem That is, you might __________ and rely on the __________. Is the last flip more likely to be heads, more likely to be tails, or equally likely to be heads or tails? A. internal In pronouncement of 18, the fallacy in this statement has too many questions. B. social surroundings affect our self-awareness. What concept did Milgram's Electric Shock study test? Even though stomach cancer kills more people than plane crashes do, most people tend to assume that plane crashes cause more deaths. This also makes you think about all of the fun and crazy things you did on your trip. D. genetics, The truth concerning self-efficacy encourages us not to resign ourselves to bad situations. A. ourselves as superior to the competitor D. adjusting one's behavior in response to external situations to create the desired impression, D. adjusting one's behavior in response to external situations to create the desired impression, You have tried to study for an exam with flashcards, with a friend, and with your notes - all to no avail. If Raquel is like most people, then she will MOST likely. Knowing what you do about individualism and collectivism, you can conclude that your neighbor is likely to be a political: Even though you are not actually ill at all, as you walk home from the hospital you do so with a slight limp, and begin lightly coughing. D. he is self-monitoring, Which of the following is NOT one of the ways that the self-serving bias is adaptive? A. D. low, You notice that your niece is unusually persistent when working on her homework. D)Failing your first social psychology exam. Halfway through the second day Carmen was devastated; she wasn't even halfway done yet! D. Most psychology research has taken cultural differences into consideration. It is often attributed to a desire to view one's thoughts and actions as unusual, arising . B. disparaging oneself (false modesty) to elicit reassurance Which of the following is an explanation for the false consensus effect, but not an explanation for the false uniqueness effect? The false- uniqueness effect can be compared to the false-consensus effect. magical thinking. If you assume it is because his car happened to break down right then and there, in the red zone, then you have made, The tendency for people to judge the frequency or likelihood of an event by the ease with which they can imagine or mentally visualize it is known as, A psychologist who performs research on social cognition would be MOST likely to study. A. the anticipation of problems to motive effective action In Exercises 282828 through 353535, use a Taylor polynomial of specified degree nnn to approximate the indicated quantity. Fritz Heider analyzed what he called "common sense psychology"the ways in which people explain everyday events. C. high What phenomenon is MOST likely to be responsible for this? C. learned helplessness This is known as: Andrew's belief demonstrates: Images of what we dream of or dread becoming in the future are called our: According to the self-serving bias, we tend to attribute our successes to _______ and our losses to _______. carefully and rationally thinks about each and every decision. D. zero, Self-monitoring is: Every single time it comes up heads. Which of the following is most likely to trigger a false uniqueness effect in your thinking? Polina is 3 years old. Ingrid is highly educated, nerdy, and outspoken. B. poor self-efficacy by oboealchemist@yahoo.com, B. self-monitoring This pattern can be attributed to statistical regression. A. planning fallacy The first instinct fallacy refers to the false belief that it is better not to change one's first answer even if one starts to think that a different answer is correct. She had assumed that everyone felt as she did and supported her candidate's ideas. -"Another Great Professor Let Go as a Result of Budget Cuts", The term "cognitive miser" was coined to refer to. B. we are more vulnerable to depression A. self-handicapping B. Angela who lives in Alabama Whenever Yael thinks about bad things happening to her ex-boyfriend, she gets "creeped out;" she feels like she will actually make bad things happen to him just by thinking about it. The Stroop test is a psychological test that highlights. C. focused on having positive relationships Psychologists have often attributed the false-consensus effect to a desire to view one's thoughts as appropriate, normal, and correct, and a plethora of experimental evidence has supported the phenomenon. C. he is demonstrating false pride A. postive These two types of fathers represent John's: Which of the following best describes Jack's behavior? She then goes ahead and orders a deluxe chocolate milkshake. Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Timothy D. Wilson, Religion - Rituals & Violence & Scriptures &, American Government U.S. Constitution study G. C. low; high C. self-serving bias D. feared possible selves; hoped-for possible selves, Jack is very nervous about meeting his future in-laws for the first time. Social psychologists refer to this kind of pattern as an, People generally prefer to conserve effort by relying on automatic modes of thought (rather than, Suppose that you are at a departmental meeting at work, and one of your co-workers starts screaming at you and calling you a "stupid freak." The only difference is whom it comes from. Sociology is the study of groups of people. A. hoped-for possible self A. failure and distance ourselves from success people who share one's most prized. The false-uniqueness effect is an attributional type of cognitive bias in social psychology that describes how people tend to view their qualities, traits, and personal attributes as unique when in reality they are not. C. self-schema B. conservative Confusion over why someone treats you in a particular way is called a. emotional climate b. expectancy effect attributional ambiguity d. self-fulfilling prophecy 14. D. traditionalists; progressives, A person's answer to the question "Who am I?" Mr. X thinks that George W. Bush became president of the U.S. becauseeven though he is not that brilliant or talentedhe made a real effort to campaign well in both 2000 and 2004. The three factors that impact conformity are unanimity of the group, mode of responding, and status of group members. . B. compared to 20 years ago, fewer love songs today are considered "sappy love songs" A)Lying to a friend to avoid embarrassment. Fundamental attribution error is made when observers overestimate internal dispositional influences and underestimate external situation influences upon other's behavior. A. strong A. A. transparency B. audience C. spotlight D. halo, 2. D. neither you nor the people who know you can predict your behaviors or the fates of your relationships, C. the people who know you can probably predict your behaviors better than you, You prefer that professors post exam scores (by identification number), rather than returning them individually. How does the "That's-not-all" compliance technique work? The false consensus effect occurs when we overestimate the number of other people (or extent to which other people) share our opinions, beliefs, and behaviors. D. general; inflated, Saying "I earned an A on my psychology test" versus "My instructor gave me a C on my psychology test" exemplifies how we associate ourselves with: Paul's response demonstrates: Consider a person betting on coin tosses, and the previous five outcomes were all Heads. The simulation heuristic tends to invoke __________ thinking. Which of the following statements is true about the false uniqueness effect? A. poor self-control C. they move on and try to do better overestimate the number of people who agree with them. B. family situation Some even held and attended 'coronavirus parties'! D. the self-serving bias, The habit of using how we imagine another person perceiving us, as a mirror for perceiving ourselves, is referred to as: C. self-efficacy Social Psychology Midterm - Flashcards Get access to high-quality and unique 50 000 college essay examples and more than 100 000 flashcards and test answers from around the world! If you made an internal, unstable attribution for Roger's promotion, then you might think to yourself, "Roger probably worked really hard to get that promotion!". C. false modesty Sociology is interested in how the group behaves and how groups interact with each other and society. D. popular song lyrics today are more likely to use "we" and "us" than 20 years ago, D. popular song lyrics today are more likely to use "we" and "us" than 20 years ago, Persons from western cultures (e.g., America, England), relative to persons from eastern cultures (e.g., China, Korea), tend to: She is trying to take her mind off of her ex-boyfriend, though, and to focus her attention on other things instead. C. fear She is convinced that everyone knows it was her. A. self-interest colors our social judgment. answer choices True False Question 4 120 seconds Q. Wing Tung is using ____ to improve his thinking. B. better about their speech and appearance Confucius just fell down a flight of stairs. B. low self-esteem According to the attribution theorist Harold Kelley, people make attributions for others' behaviors -according to the covariation principle. A. positively Later, Joe learnsthat his sister's opinion was based on the fact that her boyfriend from "up north" recently dumped her. B. self-serving bias A. high self-esteem He suggested that most people explain everyday events in terms of either __________ or __________. In an observational study, statisticians impose a treatment on the subjects. If you ask Raquel about her stocks, she makes self-serving attributions; she says: "I was very clever to invest in that first company, but I just had bad luck losing so much money with the other one." You have just spent the afternoon volunteering in the post-anesthesia recovery unit at the local hospital, helping patients with a variety of ailments. B. he is demonstrating false modesty A. rare stressors, such as a family crisis B. specific; inflated A. the anticipation of problems to motive effective action. When asked whether it is more likely that Roger is (a) ridiculously rich, or (b) both ridiculously rich and someone who wears designer clothes, most people answer (b). -people rely on irrational thinking the vast majority of the time, but are still capable of engaging in careful, conscious thought when they need to make important decisions. C. impression management Attributing failures to dispositional causes rather than situational causeswhich are unchangeable and uncontrollablesatisfies our need to believe that the world is fair and that we have control over our lives. Your (false) assumption that Vlad is an athlete is MOST clearly an example of: Suppose that Mr. Yipol gives 100 students a reading exam. Working out daily will help you maintain good health. False Uniqueness Effect. D. neither individual achievement nor relationships. If one person is "different" somehow, it allows other people to avoid conforming. Compliance is from a person of equal, whereas obedience is from a person of authority. C. possible self More conformity is observed from a person that is of lesser status than the other group members. Why is it that when we try not to think of something, we end up imagining exactly that? However, if this attempted thought suppression results in ironic processing, then Yesi will end up. C. self-esteem Economics chapter 2 section 1 assessment quizlet 2 The. C. illusion of transparency; self-reference Jules hated the book, and seems to feel that the reviewer also hated it. A. individualists; collectivists Mark is likely to score _____ on measures of self-esteem and _____ on measures of self-efficacy. their undesirable characteristics, their desirable characteristics, The ultimate attribution error refers to the tendency for people to make internal attributions to explain, When people want to suppress a thought, the conscious mind works to. B. self-efficacy B. looking-glass self ", Dr. Canne wants to encourage Kirk to lose weight. When asked whether it is more likely that Ingrid is (a) a teacher, or (b) both politically liberal and a teacher, most people answer (b). A. the devil made me do it Research on __________ is concerned with the explanations that people come up with to account for everyday events. The False Consensus Effect influences the way we . This future self-schema you imagine is an example of a/an: Research indicates that people are especially likely to engage in the false consensus effect when it comes to _____, and especially likely to engage in the false uniqueness effect when it comes to _____. A. raise; decrease In part 2, be sure to explain how this example matches the effect you have chosen. Most psychology research has been conducted by wealthy White Americans. C. we can overcome anything Barbara was really shocked when her candidate was not elected. How does the "low-ball" compliance technique work? C. defensive pessimism Coin tossing is a guessing game or by luck to see which comes up, heads or ta Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards; Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card; audio not yet available for this language. is the tendency to underestimate the extent others actually possess the same attributes or talents and positive traits as yourself. You look at the restaurant listings in the newspaper and find one that is very expensive. B. pete D. undecided, _______ is defined as the beliefs about the self that organize and guide the processing of self-relevant information. D. individualism, Baumeister (2003) reported that people who engaged in sexual activity at an early age, teen gang leaders, terrorists, and men in prison for committing violent crimes tend to possess: A role comes socially expected pattern of behavior for it, which impact both behavior and attitudes. B. conservative If you have a schema about graduate students, then. C. the tendency to see our talents and moral behaviors as relatively unusual If we persist despite initial failures: C. learned hopelessness When people engage in the gambler's fallacy, they. D. social comparison, Your best friend earned a grade of F on her latest physics exam, and believes it was because the professor wrote a very difficult exam. This study explored the cultural differences in the false consensus effect (FCE) between Koreans and European Americans. B. self-monitoring B. self-monitoring One of your professors has apparently just lost his job. D. social roles, Doug explained his "A" in biology as being the result of hard work and intelligence. The false uniqueness effect is. C. the tendency to see our talents and moral behaviors as relatively unusual. C. internal locus of control Knowing what you do about individualism and collectivism, you can conclude that your neighbor is likely to be a political: D. self-efficacy, According to the self-serving bias, we tend to attribute our successes to ______ and our losses to _______. the tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors. He decides to stick with D probably because of, Your friend Roger has recently been promoted at work to senior vice president. Josh's wishes and fears constitute his: If you make an external attribution for this event, then you might well be thinking, "So what! The false consensus effect is the tendency to overestimate the commonality of one's opinions and unsuccessful behaviors. You have created 2 folders. This bias is often measured by looking at the difference between estimates that people make about how many of their peers share a certain trait or behaviour and the actual . That is, one of the things you ask about is. A. a confederate B. the duration D. we can't explain that bad things happen to good people, A. effort and fewer self doubts will help us succeed, A sense that one is competent and effective refers to one's: Why does a manager need to evaluate the solution and look for problems after a solution has been implemented? A. self-reference A. individual achievement. B. possible selves Scarcity of resources Flashcards. Examples of false consensus effect include believing that all people think that saving the environment is important because you feel that way, believing that all of your married friends must want to have children, because you believe that the only benefit of marriage is procreation, believing that all of your friends D. social identity, Blaming the tree for getting in your way after you crashed the car is an example of: A. attempt to control other aspects of their lives, such as how often they outside The "correspondence bias" is another term that is used to refer to. B. increases B. an interdependent-self D. social comparison, Benjamin is able to adopt his behaviors so that he can fit in with any group of people. The next morning, however, his mood returned to normal. A. personality A. protecting one's self-image by creating an excuse for later failure. C. positive self-esteem. C. the competitor as disadvantaged in comparison to us B. low; low She rarely claims that she is unable to complete an assignment and is academically successful. B. feared self false-uniqueness effect. In other words, you have a __________ for what needs to be done at restaurants. A. it helps protect us from depression Most psychology research has used middle-class White American respondents. A. specific; truthful ", In theory, it would be possible for a child to have a script of. Social psychologists would say that Mr. X is making __________ attributions for Bush's success, while Mr. Y is making __________ attributions. A. decreases The attribution theorist Harold Kelley proposed that people make use of three types of information when they make attributions for others' behaviors. B. view everyone as relatively average [1] In social psychology, pluralistic ignorance (also known as a collective illusion) [2] is a phenomenon which occurs when people mistakenly believe that everyone else holds a different opinion than their own. A. individualism Give an example of self-fulfilling prophecy. Suppose that you have a certain idea about what a tropical island should be like: It should be a tourist destination, have palm trees, enjoy a warm climate, and contain plenty of bars that serve cocktails with paper umbrellas. A. small, selective university This is because many of them were extremely poor, did not own cars or phones, and did not have friends or family nearby; it was virtually impossible for them to evacuate the hurricane area when they heard the hurricane warnings. The _________ is also known as the better-than-average effect and the Lake Wobegon effect. D. submission, Practice that forms new habits, albeit slowly, tends to change what type of attitudes? Three-year-old children tend to think that the Stroop test is really easy, as compared to 6-year-old children, 12-year-old children, or adults. the tendency. B. the competitor as superior to us humans have the largest area of cortex proportionate to their body size than any other animal. B. negative C. worse about their appearance while speaking It would not be surprising if people overestimated the likelihood for celebrity marriages to end in divorce, since celebrity divorces tend to be highly publicized (while happy celebrity marriages do not as easily make front page news). D. you can't change implicit attitudes once they are formed, Our sense of self-worth is also called our: Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Normative social influence is to seeking _____ as informational social influence is to seeking _____. If the group is unanimous, conformity will increase. Think of it like this. Social loafing is the tendency for people to exert less effort when working toward a common goal in a group than when working individually. Suppose that a coin is flipped 20 times. D. self-serving bias, Studies of "affective forecasting" required participants to predict their future: When people believe they can affect the dice by blowing on them they are experiencing the, People are faster to classify the target word "flower" when it is preceded by the word "plant" than when it is preceded by the word "elephant." C. the people who know you can probably predict your behaviors better than you Infosys Interview Questions and Answers Infosys. A. view others as superior One's _____ makes up his/her _____. D. variable (depending on if it is related to school or not), Amelia is highly embarrassed because she passed gas in class today. A. liberal the tendency. -people's general reluctance to do much extra thinking. They also thought: "These people only have themselves to blame; they really should have packed up when they heard the hurricane warnings." D. learned helplessness, Which statement about predicting your own behaviors or relationships is TRUE? The false-uniqueness effect is an attributional type of cognitive bias in social psychology that describes how people tend to view their qualities, traits, and personal attributes as unique when in reality they are not. C. average C. be happier when the members of their gourd succeed B. no different from those that have only high self-esteem A gain-framed appeal focuses on framing something in terms. False; State True or False: ANCOVA is often used to test the null hypothesis of no intervention effect in the context of an impact evaluation using pretest-post test control-group design with a continuous dependent variable. D. undecided, John is about to become a father. Because our central aim was to A. planning fallacy What is the difference between compliance and obedience? C. both the intensity and the duration Research indicates that the topic people think about MOST is. This suggests that self-concepts become more individualized after visiting Western countries. The false consensus effect is the tendency people have to overestimate how much other people agree with their own beliefs, behaviors, attitudes, and values. B. the false consensus effect. Groupthink is a psychological phenomenon that occurs within a group of people in which the desire for harmony or conformity in the group results in an irrational or dysfunctional decision-making outcome. D. see ourselves as better than the average person, D. see ourselves as better than the average person, According to Wilson and Gilbert (2003), people have the greatest difficulty predicting _______ of their future emotions. make an internal attribution for the $2000 earning, but an external attribution for the $3000 loss. He plays golf, has a private stable with horses, owns a jet, and is thinking about buying an island. B. self-aggrandizement Write two or more paragraphs about ways older consumers can protect themselves from sellers who are not fair and honest. (2010) found that U.S. college students' most common score on a self-esteem measure was: C. the maximum value on the questionnaire, Our sense of self is often influenced by how we imagine important people in our lives perceive us. This misconception seems to arise from __________, since plane crash fatalities tend to be widely publicized and are therefore relatively easy for people to bring to mind. _____ what others think about your nervousness. Describe the major characteristics of the garage coverage form. A. compare ourselves to close friends A. the anticipation of problems to motive effective action. Researchers have suggested that there are three main reasons why false consensus occurs: 3 . The false consensus effect refers to the tendency for people to. Similarly, instead of seeing two dogs, such people might see "a small tan animal with fur and a large brown object with its tongue hanging out." why people tend to overestimate the degree to which members of minority groups engage in criminal behaviors. Halfway through the second day Carmen was devastated; she wasn't even halfway done yet! What is the false uniqueness effect quizlet? Positives and Negatives of the Self-Serving Bias Cram has partnered with the National Tutoring Association. consistency is perceived to be high, but consensus and distinctiveness are perceived to be low. the tendency to underestimate the extent to which others possess the same beliefs and attributes as oneself or engage in the same behaviors, particularly when these characteristics or behaviors are positive or socially desirable. -You are trying not to think about the fact that you made a fool of yourself at a party last weekend, but the more you try not to think about it, the more the thought keeps popping into your head. D. low self-efficacy, The sense of hopelessness and resignation learned when a human or animal perceives no control over repeated negative events is called: to underestimate the number of other. D. an external locus of control, When you give a presentation in class and feel extremely nervous you will tend to Wilson and Gilbert (2003) referred to this phenomenon as: The state of a "dual attitude system" exists when we have differing _______ and _______ attitudes. Jorge just received an A+ on a physics exam. Quite understandably, students are often more upset about missing an exam question when they had previously circled the correct answerand then changed it to an incorrect answeras opposed to when they had chosen an incorrect answer all along. B. weak Jules and Jim are reading a book review about a book that both of them have read. Later, his fianc tells him that her parents were unimpressed with him. This is the False Uniqueness Definition that is shared across psychological research. B. they quit working in class because they feel so bad D. no different about their speech, B. better about their speech and appearance, Which of the following is FALSE? FALSE-UNIQUENESS EFFECT. Individuals tend to think that their attributes and traits are more uncommon and rare than they actually are. The so-called illusory correlation can MOST directly help explain. C. attempting to present a favorable image to an external audience. This pattern is known as, Reducing errors and biasing by getting people to use controlled rather than automatic processing is called, {"cdnAssetsUrl":"","site_dot_caption":"Cram.com","premium_user":false,"premium_set":false,"payreferer":"clone_set","payreferer_set_title":"PSY330 - Chapter 5","payreferer_url":"\/flashcards\/copy\/psy330-chapter-5-3854445","isGuest":true,"ga_id":"UA-272909-1","facebook":{"clientId":"363499237066029","version":"v12.0","language":"en_US"}}.