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Military dictators may also be less trusting or diplomatic and underestimate the use of bargaining and compromise in politics. Unfortunately, democracy is still shaky in many countries, a number of which are fighting violent religious insurrections, and the likelihood of any fallen dictator being quickly replaced by another dictator is high. Charles Taylor Country: Liberia Charles McArthur Ghanakay Taylor's life story is akin to that of a movie. The Portuguese were present in some mostly coastal points of the territory of what is now Angola from the 16th century, interacting in diverse ways with the peoples who lived there. The leader of a dictatorship is called a dictator.Politics in a dictatorship are controlled by the dictator and facilitated through an inner circle of elites that include advisers, generals, and other high-ranking officials. The 10 most capitalist nations in the world Samantha Menzies 22 February 2016, 7:39 pm The 10 most capitalist nations in the world Capitalism is thriving in many parts of the world, with the list. After authoritarian monarchies, these tend to be the longest-lasting dictatorships, as they can more easily install a new dictator if the existing one leaves office (rare) or dies. Preference falsification, Internal politics, data scarcity, and restriction of media are just a few examples of the dangers of a personalistic authoritarian regime. [78], At the same time, nationalist movements grew throughout Europe. The totalitarian dictatorship of Adolf Hitler in Germany , from 1933 to 1945. A presidential democracy has a government that does not need the majority support of a legislature to stay in power. The type of dictatorship a country is ruled by typically comes down to the methods the dictator used to obtain power and how they go about maintaining it. [8]:457, The DD dataset is limited to 199 countries after 1946, whereas Boix, Miller, & Rosato, 2013 proposed a data set from 1800 to 2007, covering 219 countries. The classification depends on the rules outlining the relationship between a country's government, legislative assembly (often called the legislature), and head of state. This list details eight of the world's current dictators and the poverty rates associated with each country. Therefore, it is impossible to know if the regime is a democracy or a dictatorship, so DD Index considers them dictatorships until an alternation in power occurs. The rights of the people are typically suppressed in a dictatorship, sometimes to a great degree. Some of the most famous dictators in history include, of course, Adolf Hitler, Chancellor of Nazi Germany from 1933-1945, Benito Mussolini, ruler of fascist Italy from 1922-1945, and Joseph Stalin,. Between 1950 and 2016, one-party dictatorships made up 57% of authoritarian regimes in the world,[26] and one-party dictatorships have continued to expand more quickly than other forms of dictatorship in the latter half of the 20th century. [74] The Bolsheviks consolidated power by 1922, forming the Soviet Union. in Turkey, Kamal Pasha, established his dictatorship in 1921 and he remained in power till his death in 1938. Korea experienced military dictatorships under the rule of Yeon Gaesomun in the 7th century[58] and under the rule of the Goryeo military regime in the 12th and 13th centuries. Many others developed following a period of warlordism. Infiltration involves disseminating individuals loyal to the dictatorship and its ideals across civil society and local community elites. It was initially aligned with Yugoslavia, but its alignment shifted throughout the Cold War between Yugoslavia, the Soviet Union, and China. Exceptions to the pattern of poverty in dictatorships include oil-rich Middle Eastern dictatorships and the East Asian Tigers during their periods of dictatorship. He responded by ordering the confiscation of food, impossible farming yield quotas, banning private farming for substenance, and introducing internal passports and residency permits, which prevented villagers from seeking food elsewhere. Early African dictatorships were primarily personalist socialist dictatorships, in which a single socialist would take power instead of a ruling party. This world dictators list has everyone from Adolf Hitler to Kim Jong Un to many lesser-known rulers. [17] Between 1946 and 2010, 42% of dictatorships began by overthrowing a different dictatorship, and 26% began after achieving independence from a foreign government. Democracies can be either parliamentary, semi-presidential, or presidential and dictatorships can be civilian, military, or royal. the dictatorship of the proletariat had to be preserved in the socialist countries to assure that the reeducated minds of the workers already lucky enough to live under socialism were not re-infected by capitalist ideas coming in from outside the people's collectivist . Synonyms for DICTATORSHIP: tyranny, autocracy, fascism, authoritarianism, totalitarianism, despotism, absolutism, autarchy; Antonyms of DICTATORSHIP: democracy . They are often characterized by their use of violence and repression to maintain power. African Dictators Like most dictators, they also often employ secret police and violence to silence critics. [22], Military dictatorships are typically formed by a military coup in which senior officers use the military to overthrow the government. The Soviet economy became unsustainable, and communist governments lost the support of intellectuals. [8]:456, The second distinction made is whether the head of state is popularly elected for a fixed term. The result is that such regimes have no internal checks and balances, and are thus unrestrained when exerting repression on their people, making radical shifts in foreign policy, or starting wars with other countries. These countries maintain parliaments and human rights organizations, but these remain under the control of the countries' respective dictators. Dictators are incentivized to avoid the use of violence once a reputation of violence is established, as it damages the dictatorship's other institutions and poses a threat to the dictator's rule should government forces become disloyal. Elections also support the legitimacy of a dictatorship by presenting the image of a democracy, establishing plausible deniability of its status as a dictatorship for both the populace and foreign governments. These movements were a response to what they perceived as decadence and societal decay due to the changing social norms and race relations brought about by liberalism. Olessia Kirtchik, Mariana Heredia, in International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition), 2015. Secret police are used to gather information about specific political opponents and carry out targeted acts of violence against them, paramilitary forces defend the regime from coups, and formal militaries defend the dictatorship during foreign invasions and major civil conflicts. The first distinction made is whether a democracy's government is responsible to the legislature. These individuals form an inner circle, making up a class of elites that hold a degree of power within the dictatorship and receive benefits in exchange for their support. [27] One-party rule also developed in several countries in Africa during decolonization in the 1960s and 1970s, some of which produced authoritarian regimes. When necessary, a dictator may also make an effort to replace or amend the nation's constitution to empower, enrich, or otherwise benefit the dictator and his/her allies to a greater degree. Dictators typically retain their power by silencing any opposition to their rulings and guidelines. From the outside looking in, life within a dictatorship appears akin to being in a toxic relationship or living situation. [119][120][121][122], Most dictatorships exist in countries with high levels of poverty. [101] Albania was established as a communist dictatorship under Enver Hoxha in 1944. [27], One-party dictatorships are more stable than other forms of authoritarian rule, as they are less susceptible to insurgency and see higher economic growth. A dictator may address the opposition by repressing it through force, modifying laws to restrict its power, or appeasing it with limited benefits. [according to whom? Personalist dictatorships are more common in Sub-Saharan Africa due to less established institutions in the region. It has a population of approximately 31 million people, making it the 42nd most populous country in the world. Afghanistan, officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located within South Asia and Central Asia. Brion Donal Cinhil Urien Haldane, 25th king of Gwynedd, reigned 1095 to 1120. In Germany, the head of state is elected by regional legislatures and not popularly elected. [134] Revolution takes place when the opposition group grows large enough that elites in the regime cannot suppress it or choose not to. [103] Belarus under the rule of Alexander Lukashenko has been described as "the last European dictatorship",[109][110] though the rule of Vladimir Putin in Russia has also been described as a dictatorship. Elites are also the primary political threats of a dictator, as they can leverage their power to influence or overthrow the dictatorship. Accused of crimes against humanity, Saddam Hussein was sentenced to death in 2006. Many personalist regimes will install open ballots to protect their regimes and implement heavy security measures and censorship for those whose personal preferences do not align with the values of the leader. Some of the multi-party states with governing communist parties include Brazil, Nepal, India, and Russia. Adolf Hitler (1889-1945) Joseph Stalin (1878-1953) Pol Pot (1925-1998) Heinrich Himmler (1900-1945) Saddam Hussein (1937-2006) Idi Amin (1952-2003) Is Venezuela a dictatorship? Answer (1 of 9): Depends on what you mean by left-wing. If you're looking for the names of countries with dictatorship governments then you're in the right place. More complex economies require additional cooperation between the dictator and other groups. [1][8]:454 It is important to note that these names do not have to correspond to the official or colloquial titles of any of the countries offices. Explore a few of the famous ones. Dictatorships can be formed by a military coup that overthrows the previous government through force or by a self-coup in which elected leaders make their rule permanent. Current Heads of State & Dictators - Planet Rulers, President Faustin Archange Touadera of the, President Flix Tshilombo Tshisekedi of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, President Denis Sassou Nguesso of the Republic of the Congo, President Teodoro Mbasogo of Equatorial Guinea, President Abdel Fattah Abdelrahman Burhan of.